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One-to-one bipartite graph matching
Many-to-many bipartite graph matching
General graph matching
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A bipartite graph is a graph that can be partitioned into two sides so that every edge joins a vertex from one side to the other.
A matching satisfies the property that each vertex is incident to a number of edges limited by its capacity.
A maximum matching in the graph is a matching that contains the largest number of edges.
An vertex is exposed if it is not matched.
An alternating path is a path that comprises of edges in a matching and edges not in the matching alternately.
An augmenting path is an alternating path which starts and ends at exposed vertices.
Theorem: A matching is of maximum cardinality if and only if it admits no augmenting path.
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